Enabling hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) connect in association with a toll-free data service

ABSTRACT

A device can receive, from a user device, a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) CONNECT request associated with a toll-free data service. The user device can establish a first transmission control protocol (TCP) connection with a proxy server. The HTTP CONNECT request can request the proxy server to establish a second TCP connection with a content provider server. The device can determine, based on the HTTP CONNECT request, that an authorization condition is satisfied. The device can store information associated with a flow between the user device and the content provider server. The user device and the content provider server can establish a transport layer security (TLS) connection based on the first TCP connection and the second TCP connection. The device can provide the information associated with the flow to permit an account of an entity to be adjusted in association with the toll-free data service.

BACKGROUND

Content providers, such as online media companies, can wish to delivercontent to network users. Some content providers can choose to subsidizethe cost of network data usage which would otherwise be paid by thenetwork users accessing the content.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A-1G are diagrams of an overview of an example implementationdescribed herein;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example environment in which systems and/ormethods, described herein, can be implemented;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of example components of one or more devices of FIG.2;

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example process for enabling HTTP CONNECTin association with a toll-free data service; and

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a call flow of example operations capable ofbeing performed by one or more devices of FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The following detailed description of example implementations refers tothe accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in differentdrawings can identify the same or similar elements.

A content provider can want to provide content (e.g., streaming videoand/or audio content, a webpage, a document, an image, or the like) to anetwork user. The content provider can want to subsidize the cost ofnetwork data usage associated with the content, which would ordinarilybe charged to an account of the network user. A network operator canwant to ensure that network data usage is charged to an account of theappropriate entity (e.g., either the content provider or the networkuser). One way to ensure appropriate charges is to convert a non-tollfree resource identifier (e.g., a uniform resource identifier, such as auniform resource locator (URL)) for a resource to a toll-free resourceidentifier. In this way, network devices can identify network data usageassociated with toll-free resource identifiers, thereby enabling thenetwork operator to adjust an account of the appropriate entity fornetwork data usage.

In some cases, a user device can connect to a content provider servervia a proxy server (e.g., to increase security, to enhance performanceof the connection, or the like). For example, the user device (e.g., aclient application executing on a smartphone) can use an HTTP CONNECTmethod to establish a connection with a content provider server via aproxy server. For example, HTTP CONNECT includes a method, used by auser device, that instructs a proxy server to establish a TransmissionControl Protocol (TCP) connection with a remote server (e.g., aserver-side TCP connection) and forward network traffic between theserver-side TCP connection and a client-side TCP connection (e.g.,associated with the user device and the proxy server). Based on the TCPconnections, the user device and the remote server can implementTransport Layer Security (TLS) to establish a secure end-to-endconnection (e.g., a TLS connection). In this way, the user device andthe remote server can tunnel network traffic through the proxy server.Additionally, in this way, privacy and/or security of the connectionbetween the user device and the remote server can be increased ascompared to if a TLS connection is not established.

However, if the user device implements the HTTP CONNECT method, thennetwork devices can be incapable of identifying and/or examiningunderlying network traffic associated with the TLS connection. Forexample, the user device and/or the remote server can encrypt anddecrypt the underlying network traffic, thereby preventing networkdevices from identifying the content of the network traffic and/oridentifying that the network traffic is associated with a toll-free dataservice. Thereby, if the remote server is associated with a toll-freedata service, then the network operator cannot be capable of chargingthe appropriate entity for network data usage.

Implementations described herein enable a user device to establish a TLSconnection with a content provider server via a proxy server (e.g.,based on an HTTP CONNECT request). Additionally, implementationsdescribed herein enable a network device to identify that an HTTPCONNECT request is associated with a toll-free data service, monitornetwork data usage associated with the TLS connection, and provideinformation associated with the network data usage to permit an accountof an appropriate entity to be adjusted (e.g., charge an appropriateentity, or the like). In this way, implementations described hereinenable the HTTP CONNECT method to be used in association with atoll-free data service.

Implementations described herein reduce a number of networkauthorizations associated with the network data usage. For example,network devices can authorize a content request (e.g., based onsignaling messages), and a particular network device can monitorinformation associated with a flow between a user device and a contentprovider server that is established based on the signaling messages. Inthis way, implementations described herein enable a network device toauthorize a single request, rather than authorizing multiple requestsfor content associated with a toll-free data service. Additionally,implementations described herein enable a user device to provide asingle authorization request rather than providing multipleauthorization requests. In this way, implementations described hereinconserve user device and network device processor and/or memoryresources, and/or conserve network resources.

FIGS. 1A-1G are diagrams of an overview of an example implementation 100described herein. As shown in FIG. 1A, example implementation 100 caninclude a user device and an authorization server. As shown by referencenumber 105, the authorization server can receive an authorizationrequest from the user device. For example, the user device can execute atoll-free data service application, and provide the authorizationrequest to the authorization server via an application programminginterface (API). The authorization request can be associated withinformation that identifies a resource identifier (e.g., anauthorization URL associated with a content provider server), a connectflag (e.g., information identifying that the user device is requestinguse of an HTTP CONNECT method), and a campaign identifier (e.g.,information identifying a toll-free data service campaign associatedwith the content provider).

As shown by reference number 110, the authorization server can validatethe authorization request. For example, the authorization server canvalidate the authorization request based on a set of campaign rules,such as information that identifies whether the toll-free data servicecampaign is valid, whether user devices can use HTTP CONNECT inassociation with the toll-free data service campaign, or the like.

As shown in FIG. 1B, and by reference number 115, the authorizationserver can provide, to the user device, an authorization response. Forexample, the authorization response can include information thatidentifies a proxy server (e.g., a network address of the proxy server,such as an Internet Protocol (IP) address), and include authorizationinformation, such as information that identifies that the toll-free dataservice campaign is valid and/or that the user device is eligible toparticipate in the toll-free data service campaign.

As shown in FIG. 1C, example implementation 100 can further include anetwork processing unit (NPU) (e.g., a network device, such as a server)and a proxy server. As shown by reference number 120, the user devicecan initiate a TCP connection with the proxy server based on theauthorization response. For example, the user device can identify thenetwork address of the proxy server based on the authorization response,and provide TCP signaling messages to the proxy server. In someimplementations, the user device and the proxy server can establish aTCP connection based on exchanging TCP signaling messages (e.g., performa three-way handshake procedure). In some implementations, the NPU canreceive, from the user device, the TCP signaling messages, and providethe TCP signaling messages to the proxy server.

As shown in FIG. 1D, and by reference number 125, the NPU can receive,from the user device, an HTTP CONNECT request associated with atoll-free data service. For example, the user device can provide theHTTP CONNECT request based on establishing the TCP connection with theproxy server. In some implementations, the HTTP CONNECT request caninclude an instruction for the proxy server to establish a TCPconnection with a content provider server (e.g., to facilitate theestablishment of a TLS connection between the user device and thecontent provider server). Additionally, or alternatively, the HTTPCONNECT request can include information that identifies the URLassociated with the content provider server, and/or includeauthorization information (e.g., information that the user devicereceived from the authorization server).

As shown by reference number 130, the NPU can determine that anauthorization condition is satisfied based on the HTTP CONNECT request.For example, as described elsewhere herein, the NPU can determine thatthe authorization condition is satisfied based on information associatedwith the HTTP CONNECT request (e.g., based on the authorizationinformation associated with the request, based on a user deviceidentifier of the user device, or the like). As shown by referencenumber 135, the NPU can provide the HTTP CONNECT request to the proxyserver.

As shown in FIG. 1E, example implementation 100 can further include acontent provider server. As shown by reference number 140, the proxyserver can establish a TCP connection with the content provider serverbased on the HTTP CONNECT request. For example, the proxy server canidentify the URL associated with the HTTP CONNECT request, identify anetwork address of the content provider server based on the URL, andexchange TCP signaling messages with the content provider server. Asshown by reference number 145, the proxy server can provide, to the userdevice, a response based on establishing the TCP connection with thecontent provider server (e.g., an HTTP 200 OK message). In someimplementations, the user device and the content provider server canestablish a TLS connection based on the TCP connection between the userdevice and the proxy server and the TCP connection between the proxyserver and the content provider server (e.g., establish a tunnel, suchas a secure end-to-end connection between the user device and thecontent provider server).

As shown in FIG. 1F, and by reference number 150, the NPU can create anentry in a flow table based on a flow associated with the user deviceand the content provider server. For example, a flow can include asequence of packets that include one or more shared values (e.g., sharedfive-tuple information, such as a source address, a source port, adestination address, a destination port, and a protocol). In someimplementations, the NPU can create an entry in a data structure (e.g.,a flow table) based on providing the HTTP CONNECT request to the contentprovider server. In some implementations, an entry can include hashedfive-tuple information, a byte count, a packet count, and/or otherinformation associated with a flow.

As shown in FIG. 1G, and by reference number 155, the NPU can monitorinformation associated with the flow, and provide, to a usage server(e.g., a network device) the information associated with the flow topermit an account of entity (e.g., the content provider) to be adjustedbased on network data usage associated with the flow. For example, theNPU can monitor the flow based on updating values associated with theentry in the flow table (e.g., the byte count, the packet count, etc.),and can provide the information to the usage server (e.g., a flowrecord).

In this way, the NPU can identify network traffic that is associatedwith a toll-free data service, despite the NPU being incapable ofexamining the underlying network traffic. For example, the NPU candetermine that a connection between the user device and the contentprovider server is associated with a toll-free data service (e.g., basedon the HTTP CONNECT request), create the entry in the flow table (e.g.,that includes five-tuple information associated with the user device andthe content provider server), and identify network traffic that includesthe five-tuple information. In this way, the NPU can monitor networktraffic associated with the TLS connection between the user device andthe content provider server based on five-tuple information, andprovide, to a usage server, information that permits an account of anentity to be adjusted based on network data usage associated with theTLS connection.

In this way, implementations described herein enable a user device toestablish a connection with a content provider server via a proxyserver, and establish a TLS connection with the content provider server,thereby increasing security and/or privacy of the connection as comparedto situations where TLS and/or a proxy server are not implemented.Additionally, implementations described herein reduce a number ofauthorization requests associated with a toll-free data service. Forexample, a user device can receive authorization information from anauthorization server based on providing a single authorization request,and provide the authorization information to a network device inassociation with an HTTP CONNECT request. The network device candetermine that the HTTP CONNECT request is associated with a toll-freedata service based on the authorization information, and monitorinformation associated with a flow between the user device and thecontent provider server (e.g., to permit an account of an entity to beadjusted for the network data usage). In this way, implementationsdescribed herein conserve user device and/or network device processorand/or memory resources, and/or conserve network resources by enablingthe authorization of a single request rather than requiring theauthorization of multiple HTTP requests.

As indicated above, FIGS. 1A-1G are provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and can differ from what was described with regardto FIGS. 1A-1G.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of an example environment 200 in which systemsand/or methods, described herein, can be implemented. As shown in FIG.2, environment 200 can include an user device 205, a base station 210, amobility management entity device (MME) 215, a serving gateway (SGW)220, a packet data network gateway (PGW) 225, an authorization server230, a network processing unit (NPU) 235, a usage server 240, a proxyserver 245, a campaign management device 250, an authentication,authorization, and accounting server (AAA) 255, a campaign input device260, a content provider server 265, and a network 270. Devices ofenvironment 200 can interconnect via wired connections, wirelessconnections, or a combination of wired and wireless connections.

User device 205 includes one or more devices capable of communicatingwith base station 210 and/or a network (e.g., network 270). User device205 can include one or more devices capable of receiving, generating,storing, processing, and/or providing information associated with atoll-free data service. For example, user device 205 can include acomputing device, such as a mobile phone (e.g., a smart phone, aradiotelephone, etc.), a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a handheldcomputer, a gaming device, a wearable communication device (e.g., asmart wristwatch, a pair of smart eyeglasses, etc.), a set-top box, or asimilar type of device. In some implementations, user device 205 can beassociated with an account that is adjusted based on network data usageby user device 205. User device 205 can send traffic to and/or receivetraffic from network 270 (e.g., via base station 210, SGW 220, and/orPGW 225).

Base station 210 includes one or more devices capable of communicatingwith user device 205 using a cellular radio access technology. Forexample, base station 210 can include a base transceiver station, aradio base station, a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), a base stationsubsystem, a cellular site, a cellular tower (e.g., a cell phone tower,a mobile phone tower, etc.), a radio access node, a macrocell basestation, a microcell base station, a picocell base station, a femtocellbase station, or a similar type of device. Base station 210 can transfertraffic between user device 205 and network 270. In someimplementations, base station 210 can communicate with user device 205(and/or one or more other devices) using radio waves.

MME 215 includes one or more devices, such as one or more servers,capable of managing authentication, activation, deactivation, andmobility functions associated with user device 205. In someimplementations, MME 215 can perform operations relating toauthentication of user device 205. Additionally, or alternatively, MME215 can facilitate the selection of a particular SGW 220 and/or aparticular PGW 225 to serve traffic to and/or from user device 205. MME215 can perform operations associated with handing off user device 205from a first base station 210 to a second base station 210 when userdevice 205 is transitioning from a first cell associated with the firstbase station 210 to a second cell associated with the second basestation 210. Additionally, or alternatively, MME 215 can select anotherMME (not pictured), to which user device 205 should be handed off (e.g.,when user device 205 moves out of range of MME 215).

SGW 220 includes one or more devices capable of routing network traffic(e.g., packets). For example, SGW 220 can include one or more dataprocessing and/or traffic transfer devices, such as a gateway, a router,a modem, a switch, a firewall, a network interface card (NIC), a hub, abridge, a server, an optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM), or any othertype of device that processes and/or transfers traffic. In someimplementations, SGW 220 can aggregate traffic received from one or morebase stations 210 associated with the Long Term Evolution (LTE) network,and can send the aggregated traffic to network 270 (e.g., via PGW 225)and/or other network devices associated with the Evolved Packet Core(EPC) and/or the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) core. SGW 220 can alsoreceive traffic from network 270 and/or other network devices, and cansend the received traffic to user device 205 via base station 210.Additionally, or alternatively, SGW 220 can perform operationsassociated with handing off user device 205 to and/or from an LTEnetwork.

PGW 225 includes one or more devices capable of providing connectivityfor user device 205 to external packet data networks (e.g., other thanthe depicted EPC and/or LTE network). For example, PGW 225 can includeone or more data processing and/or traffic transfer devices, such as agateway, a router, a modem, a switch, a firewall, a NIC, a hub, abridge, a server, an OADM, or any other type of device that processesand/or transfers traffic. In some implementations, PGW 225 can aggregatetraffic received from one or more SGWs 220, and can send the aggregatedtraffic to network 270. Additionally, or alternatively, PGW 225 canreceive traffic from network 270, and can send the traffic to userdevice 205 via SGW 220 and base station 210. PGW 225 can record datausage information (e.g., byte usage), and can provide the data usageinformation to AAA 255.

Authorization server 230 includes one or more devices capable ofreceiving, processing, storing, generating, and/or providing informationassociated with a toll-free data service. For example, authorizationserver 230 can include a gateway, a router, a modem, a switch, afirewall, a NIC, a hub, a bridge, a server device, an OADM, or a similardevice. Authorization server 230 can receive information associated witha toll-free campaign from campaign management device 250, apply theinformation to traffic received from PGW 225, and instruct PGW 225 howto handle the traffic based on information received from campaignmanagement device 250. Additionally, or alternatively, authorizationserver 230 can instruct AAA 255 on which account to update for networkdata usage associated with the traffic. Different authorization servers230 can be associated with different geographic regions and/or cellularservice areas, in some implementations.

In some implementations, authorization server 230 can receive, fromcampaign input device 260, information regarding registering a resourceidentifier associated with particular content. Additionally, oralternatively, authorization server 230 can receive an authorizationrequest associated with the resource identifier, and provideauthorization information to user device 205.

NPU 235 includes one or more devices capable of receiving, processing,storing, generating, and/or providing information associated with atoll-free data service. For example, NPU 235 can include a server device(e.g., a host server, a web server, an application server, etc.), acloud computing device, or a similar device. In some implementations,NPU 235 can receive, from user device 205, an HTTP CONNECT request, andcreate an entry in a flow table based on the HTTP CONNECT request.Additionally, or alternatively, NPU 235 can monitor informationassociated with a flow between user device 205 and content providerserver 265.

Usage server 240 includes one or more devices capable of storinginformation associated with network data usage. For example, usageserver 240 can include a server device (e.g., a host server, a webserver, an application server, etc.), a cloud computing device, or asimilar device. In some implementations, usage server 240 can receive,from NPU 235, information associated with a flow (e.g., a flow record).

Proxy server 245 includes one or more devices capable of receiving,storing, processing, controlling, and/or providing informationassociated with an HTTP CONNECT request. For example, proxy server 245can include a server device, a cloud computing device, or a similardevice. In some implementations, proxy server 245 can receive networktraffic from content provider server 265 (e.g., via network 270) andprovide the network traffic to user device 205 (e.g., via base station210), and/or can receive network traffic from user device 205 (e.g., viabase station 210) and provide the network traffic to content providerserver 265 (e.g., via network 270).

Campaign management device 250 includes one or more devices capable ofreceiving, generating, storing, processing, and/or providing informationassociated with a toll-free data service campaign (e.g., campaigninformation, or the like). For example, campaign management device 250can include a server device or a similar device. Campaign managementdevice 250 can receive campaign information from campaign input device260 (e.g., one or more resource identifiers associated with thecampaign, a storage location of one or more files associated with theresource identifiers, etc.), generate campaign rules based on thecampaign information, and deploy the campaign rules to one or moreauthorization servers 230 (e.g., associated with one or more cellularservice areas).

AAA 255 includes one or more devices, such as one or more serverdevices, that perform authentication, authorization, and/or accountingoperations for communication sessions associated with user device 205.For example, AAA 255 can store data usage information for user device205, for a user associated with user device 205, for content providerserver 265, for a content provider (e.g., that provides a toll-free dataservice), etc.

Campaign input device 260 includes one or more devices capable ofreceiving, generating, storing, processing, and/or providing informationassociated with a toll-free data service campaign. For example, campaigninput device 260 can include a desktop computer, a laptop computer, amobile phone, a server device, or a similar device. Campaign inputdevice 260 can receive input, from a content provider, that identifiescampaign information, and provide the campaign information to campaignmanagement device 250. In some implementations, a content provider caninput, via campaign input device 260, one or more resource identifiersthat can be used to access content associated with the campaign.

Content provider server 265 includes one or more devices capable ofreceiving, generating, storing, processing, and/or providing informationassociated with a toll-free data service campaign. For example, contentprovider server 265 can include a server device (e.g., a host server, aweb server, an application server, etc.), a data center device, or asimilar device.

Network 270 includes one or more wired and/or wireless networks. Forexample, network 270 can include a cellular network (e.g., a fifthgeneration (5G) network, an LTE network, a code division multiple access(CDMA) network, a third generation (3G) network, another type ofadvanced generated network, etc.), a public land mobile network (PLMN),a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitanarea network (MAN), a telephone network (e.g., the Public SwitchedTelephone Network (PSTN)), a private network, an ad hoc network, anintranet, the Internet, a fiber optic-based network, a cloud computingnetwork, or the like, and/or a combination of these or other types ofnetworks.

The number and arrangement of devices and networks shown in FIG. 2 areprovided as an example. In practice, there can be additional devicesand/or networks, fewer devices and/or networks, different devices and/ornetworks, or differently arranged devices and/or networks than thoseshown in FIG. 2. Furthermore, two or more devices shown in FIG. 2 can beimplemented within a single device, or a single device shown in FIG. 2can be implemented as multiple, distributed devices. Additionally, oralternatively, a set of devices (e.g., one or more devices) ofenvironment 200 can perform one or more functions described as beingperformed by another set of devices of environment 200.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of example components of a device 300. Device 300can correspond to user device 205, base station 210, MME 215, SGW 220,PGW 225, authorization server 230, NPU 235, usage server 240, proxyserver 245, campaign management device 250, AAA 255, campaign inputdevice 260, and/or content provider server 265. In some implementations,user device 205, base station 210, MME 215, SGW 220, PGW 225,authorization server 230, NPU 235, usage server 240, proxy server 245,campaign management device 250, AAA 255, campaign input device 260,and/or content provider server 265 can include one or more devices 300and/or one or more components of device 300. As shown in FIG. 3, device300 can include a bus 310, a processor 320, a memory 330, a storagecomponent 340, an input component 350, an output component 360, and acommunication interface 370.

Bus 310 includes a component that permits communication among thecomponents of device 300. Processor 320 is implemented in hardware,firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. Processor 320 is acentral processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), anaccelerated processing unit (APU), a microprocessor, a microcontroller,a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array(FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or anothertype of processing component. In some implementations, processor 320includes one or more processors capable of being programmed to perform afunction. Memory 330 includes a random access memory (RAM), a read onlymemory (ROM), and/or another type of dynamic or static storage device(e.g., a flash memory, a magnetic memory, and/or an optical memory) thatstores information and/or instructions for use by processor 320.

Storage component 340 stores information and/or software related to theoperation and use of device 300. For example, storage component 340 caninclude a hard disk (e.g., a magnetic disk, an optical disk, amagneto-optic disk, and/or a solid state disk), a compact disc (CD), adigital versatile disc (DVD), a floppy disk, a cartridge, a magnetictape, and/or another type of non-transitory computer-readable medium,along with a corresponding drive.

Input component 350 includes a component that permits device 300 toreceive information, such as via user input (e.g., a touch screendisplay, a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a button, a switch, and/or amicrophone). Additionally, or alternatively, input component 350 caninclude a sensor for sensing information (e.g., a global positioningsystem (GPS) component, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and/or anactuator). Output component 360 includes a component that providesoutput information from device 300 (e.g., a display, a speaker, and/orone or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs)).

Communication interface 370 includes a transceiver-like component (e.g.,a transceiver and/or a separate receiver and transmitter) that enablesdevice 300 to communicate with other devices, such as via a wiredconnection, a wireless connection, or a combination of wired andwireless connections. Communication interface 370 can permit device 300to receive information from another device and/or provide information toanother device. For example, communication interface 370 can include anEthernet interface, an optical interface, a coaxial interface, aninfrared interface, a radio frequency (RF) interface, a universal serialbus (USB) interface, a Wi-Fi interface, a cellular network interface, orthe like.

Device 300 can perform one or more processes described herein. Device300 can perform these processes in response to processor 320 executingsoftware instructions stored by a non-transitory computer-readablemedium, such as memory 330 and/or storage component 340. Acomputer-readable medium is defined herein as a non-transitory memorydevice. A memory device includes memory space within a single physicalstorage device or memory space spread across multiple physical storagedevices.

Software instructions can be read into memory 330 and/or storagecomponent 340 from another computer-readable medium or from anotherdevice via communication interface 370. When executed, softwareinstructions stored in memory 330 and/or storage component 340 can causeprocessor 320 to perform one or more processes described herein.Additionally, or alternatively, hardwired circuitry can be used in placeof or in combination with software instructions to perform one or moreprocesses described herein. Thus, implementations described herein arenot limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry andsoftware.

The number and arrangement of components shown in FIG. 3 are provided asan example. In practice, device 300 can include additional components,fewer components, different components, or differently arrangedcomponents than those shown in FIG. 3. Additionally, or alternatively, aset of components (e.g., one or more components) of device 300 canperform one or more functions described as being performed by anotherset of components of device 300.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example process 400 for enabling HTTPCONNECT in association with a toll-free data service. In someimplementations, one or more process blocks of FIG. 4 can be performedby NPU 235. In some implementations, one or more process blocks of FIG.4 can be performed by another device or a group of devices separate fromor including NPU 235, such as user device 205, base station 210, MME215, SGW 220, PGW 225, authorization server 230, usage server 240, proxyserver 245, campaign management device 250, AAA 255, campaign inputdevice 260, and/or content provider server 265.

As shown in FIG. 4, process 400 can include receiving, from a userdevice, a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) CONNECT request associatedwith a toll-free data service (block 410). For example, NPU 235 canreceive, from user device 205, an HTTP CONNECT request associated with atoll-free data service.

In some implementations, user device 205 can provide, to proxy server245, an HTTP CONNECT request that requests proxy server 245 to establisha TCP connection with content provider server 265 to enable user device205 and content provider server 265 to establish a TLS connection. Asdescribed elsewhere herein, user device 205 can provide, to NPU 235, theHTTP CONNECT request based on establishing a TCP connection with proxyserver 245.

In some implementations, a toll-free data service can correspond toproviding content that a content provider wishes to provide to userdevice 205 for free by subsidizing the cost of network data usageassociated with receiving the content. In some implementations, atoll-free data campaign can refer to a campaign by a content providerwhere the content provider agrees to be charged for network data usageby users of user devices 205 that access the content provided by thecontent provider.

In some implementations, user device 205 can be associated with atoll-free data service application (e.g., a client application and/or amobile application) that a content provider can provide, and that userscan use (e.g., on user devices 205), to send and/or receive networktraffic associated with the content provider's toll-free data servicecampaign. In some implementations, user device 205 can provide, toauthorization server 230, an authorization request associated with aresource identifier (e.g., a URL, a uniform resource identifier (URI), auniform resource name (URN), or the like) based on executing thetoll-free data service application. For example, user device 205 (e.g.,the client application) can provide, to authorization server 230, anauthorization request based on an API.

In some implementations, the authorization request can includeinformation that identifies the resource identifier. Additionally, oralternatively, the authorization request can include information thatidentifies an HTTP Secure (HTTPs) CONNECT flag. For example, the HTTPsCONNECT flag can identify that user device 205 is requesting use of theHTTP CONNECT method to establish a connection with content providerserver 265.

Additionally, or alternatively, the authorization request can includeinformation that identifies a campaign identifier, such as informationthat identifies a toll-free data service campaign, a content providerassociated with the toll-free data service campaign, or the like.Additionally, or alternatively, the authorization request can includeinformation that identifies a user device identifier of user device 205(e.g., a mobile directory number (MDN), an International MobileSubscriber Identity (IMSI), a network address, or the like).

In some implementations, authorization server 230 can receive theauthorization request, and validate the authorization request based on aset of campaign rules. For example, the set of campaign rules caninclude information that identifies a time frame for which the toll-freedata service campaign is valid, that identifies network usage that iseligible to be used in association with the toll-free data servicecampaign (e.g., a byte usage), that identifies whether HTTP CONNECT iseligible to be used in association with the toll-free data servicecampaign, that identifies whether user device 205 is eligible toparticipate in the toll-free data service campaign, or the like.

In some implementations, authorization server 230 can provide anauthorization response based on validating the authorization request.For example, the authorization response can include information thatidentifies the resource identifier associated with the authorizationrequest. Additionally, or alternatively, the authorization response caninclude authorization information, such as information that identifiesthe campaign identifier, information that identifies that the toll-freedata service campaign is valid, or the like.

Additionally, or alternatively, the authorization response can includeinformation that identifies proxy server 245. For example, theauthorization response can include information that identifies a networkaddress associated with proxy server 245, a toll-free data service portidentifier associated with NPU 235 (e.g., for which user device 205 isto provide the HTTP CONNECT request), or the like. For example, thetoll-free data service port identifier can identify a port, of NPU 235,that is associated with toll-free data service network traffic.

In some implementations, authorization server 230 can provide theinformation that identifies proxy server 245 based on identifyinginformation that identifies the HTTPs CONNECT flag in association withthe authorization request. In some implementations, authorization server230 can determine, based on the set of campaign rules, that user device205 is eligible to use HTTP CONNECT in association with the toll-freedata service, identify information associated with proxy server 245based on stored information (e.g., information that identifies a list ofproxy servers 245), and provide, to user device 205, the informationthat identifies proxy server 245.

In some implementations, the authorization request can includeinformation that identifies a particular proxy server 245 (e.g., forwhich user device 205 is requesting to connect). In this case,authorization server 230 can validate whether the particular proxyserver 245 is eligible to be used in association with the toll-free dataservice, and provide information that identifies the particular proxyserver 245 based on validating that the particular proxy server 245 iseligible for use.

In some implementations, user device 205 can receive, from authorizationserver 230, the authorization response, and establish a TCP connectionwith proxy server 245 based on the authorization response. For example,user device 205 can identify the information that identifies proxyserver 245, and initiate a TCP connection with proxy server 245 (e.g.,provide a TCP signaling message, such as a synchronization (SYN)message, to proxy server 245). In some implementations, user device 205and proxy server 245 can perform a three-way handshake procedure toestablish the TCP connection (e.g., exchange TCP signaling messages,such as a SYN message, a SYN Acknowledgement (ACK) message, and an ACKmessage).

In some implementations, NPU 235 can receive, from user device 205 andvia the toll-free data service port, TCP signaling messages (e.g., theSYN message and the ACK message), perform a network address translation(NAT) technique, and provide the TCP signaling messages to a particularport of proxy server 245 (e.g., an HTTP port, such as Port 80). In thisway, NPU 235 can receive network traffic from user device 205 via thetoll-free data service port, and identify that the network traffic canbe associated with the toll-free data service.

In some implementations, user device 205 can provide, to proxy server245, the HTTP CONNECT request based on establishing the TCP connectionwith proxy server 245. In some implementations, the HTTP CONNECT requestcan include information that identifies the resource identifierassociated with content provider server 265. Additionally, oralternatively, the HTTP CONNECT request can include the authorizationinformation (e.g., that user device 205 received from authorizationserver 230). In some implementations, user device 205 can include theauthorization information in association with the resource identifier(e.g., included in the URL, appended to the URL, or the like).Additionally, or alternatively, user device 205 can include theauthorization information in association with another part of a packetassociated with the HTTP CONNECT request (e.g., a packet header, atrailer, a payload, or the like).

In some implementations, the HTTP CONNECT request does not include theauthorization information. In this case, NPU 235 can identify that theHTTP CONNECT request was received via the toll-free data service port,and determine that the HTTP CONNECT request is associated with atoll-free data service. In this case, and as described elsewhere herein,NPU 235 can validate the HTTP CONNECT request based on a deviceidentifier of user device 205.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 can include determining, basedon the HTTP CONNECT request, that an authorization condition issatisfied (block 420). For example, NPU 235 can receive the HTTP CONNECTrequest and determine, based on the HTTP CONNECT request, that anauthorization condition is satisfied.

In some implementations, the authorization condition can be indicativeof network data usage, associated with a connection between user device205 and content provider server 265, being eligible to be used inassociation with the toll-free data service campaign, can be indicativeof user device 205 being eligible to use HTTP CONNECT in associationwith a toll-free data service, or the like.

In some implementations, NPU 235 can determine that the authorizationcondition is satisfied based on the authorization information. Forexample, NPU 235 can identify the authorization information inassociation with the HTTP CONNECT request, and determine that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on the authorizationinformation. In some implementations, authorization server 230 can hashthe authorization information using a hashing algorithm, and NPU 235 cande-hash the authorization information using the same hashing algorithm.In this way, authorization server 230 and/or NPU 235 can improvesecurity of the authorization information, and/or reduce a number ofinstances where user device 205 provides counterfeit authorizationinformation, thereby conserving authorization server 230 and/or NPU 235computing resources and/or network resources that might have been usedfor rectifying and/or mitigating the counterfeit use.

Additionally, or alternatively, NPU 235 can determine that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on receiving the HTTP CONNECTrequest via the toll-free data service port, and authorizing the HTTPCONNECT request based on a set of campaign rules. For example, NPU 235can receive the HTTP CONNECT request via the toll-free data serviceport, and determine that the HTTP CONNECT request is associated with atoll-free data service campaign. In this case, NPU 235 can determinewhether the authorization condition is satisfied based on a resourceidentifier associated with the HTTP CONNECT request, and/or based on auser device identifier of user device 205.

In some implementations, NPU 235 can identify information thatidentifies a toll-free data service campaign based on the resourceidentifier, and determine that the authorization condition is satisfiedbased on a set of campaign rules (e.g., in a similar manner as describedabove in connection with block 410 regarding authorization server 230).

Additionally, or alternatively, NPU 235 can determine that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on a user device identifierof user device 205. For example, NPU 235 can store information thatidentifies particular user devices 205 that are eligible to use HTTPCONNECT in association with a toll-free data service, or the like. Insome implementations, user device 205 can be authorized to accesscontent associated with multiple content provider servers 265, and aparticular account of an entity can be adjusted based on network datausage associated with the particular content provider servers 265. Insome implementations, NPU 235 can identify a user device identifier ofuser device 205, determine that user device 205 is eligible to use HTTPCONNECT in association with the toll-free data service, and determinethat the authorization condition is satisfied based on the user deviceidentifier being eligible to use HTTP CONNECT.

In some implementations, NPU 235 can provide, to proxy server 245, theHTTP CONNECT request based on the authorization condition beingsatisfied. In some implementations, proxy server 245 can receive theHTTP CONNECT request, and establish a TCP connection with contentprovider server 265. In some implementations, proxy server 245 canidentify the resource identifier associated with the HTTP CONNECTrequest, perform Domain Name System (DNS) resolution to determine anetwork address associated with content provider server 265, and providea TCP signaling message (e.g., a TCP SYN message) to content providerserver 265 using the network address. Additionally, or alternatively,proxy server 245 and content provider server 265 can perform a three-wayhandshake procedure to establish the TCP connection.

In some implementations, proxy server 245 can provide, to user device205, a response based on the HTTP CONNECT request (e.g., a responsemessage identifying that the HTTP CONNECT request was successful, suchas an HTTP 200 OK message). For example, the response can identify thatproxy server 245 established the TCP connection with content providerserver 265, and that proxy server 245 is tunneling network trafficassociated with the client-side TCP connection to the server-sideconnection (e.g., that a TCP tunnel has been established).

In some implementations, user device 205 can receive the response, andestablish a Transport Layer Security (TLS) connection with contentprovider server 265. For example, user device 205 and content providerserver 265 can perform a TLS handshake procedure (e.g., can exchangecredentials and/or security keys, perform mutual authentication,negotiate various TLS parameters, or the like). In this way, user device205 and content provider server 265 can establish a TLS connection,thereby increasing communication security between user device 205 andcontent provider server 265. However, in this way, NPU 235 does notretain visibility into the underlying network traffic between userdevice 205 and content provider server 265 (e.g., inspect dataassociated with the network traffic), therefore rendering NPU 235ineligible to identify network traffic associated with the toll-freedata service. Thus, NPU 235 can create an entry in a flow table, andmonitor information associated with a flow between user device 205 andcontent provider server 265, as described below.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 can include creating an entry ina flow table based on a flow associated with the user device and acontent provider server (block 430). For example, NPU 235 can create anentry in a flow table based on a flow associated with user device 205and content provider server 265.

In some implementations, a flow can include network traffic (e.g., asequence of packets) that includes one or more shared values. Forexample, each packet associated with the flow can include a common tuplein the packet header (e.g., a five-tuple, such as a source address, asource port, a destination port, and/or a protocol). As used herein, apacket can refer to a communication structure for communicatinginformation, such as a protocol data unit (PDU), a network packet, aframe, a datagram, a segment, a message, a block, a cell, a frame, asubframe, a slot, a symbol, a portion of any of the above, and/oranother type of formatted or unformatted unit of data capable of beingtransmitted via a network.

In some implementations, NPU 235 can store, in a flow table (e.g., adata structure, such as a cache, a hash table, or the like), informationassociated with a flow. For example, the flow table can include multiplefields that store information associated with a flow, such as five-tupleinformation (e.g., a hashed five-tuple), a packet count, a byte count, atime of creation of the flow, or the like. Additionally, oralternatively, the flow table can include information that identifiesthe appropriate account to be adjusted for network data usage associatedwith the flow. For example, NPU 235 can identify a content providerbased on the five-tuple information, the authorization information, orthe like, and store information that identifies the content provider.

In some implementations, an entry in the flow table can correspond to aparticular flow. For example, NPU 235 can create an entry in the flowtable for the flow between user device 205 and content provider server265. In this way, NPU 235 can monitor information associated with theflow, and provide flow records that identify network data usageassociated with the flow, as described below.

As further shown in FIG. 4, process 400 can include monitoringinformation associated with the flow (block 440), and providing theinformation associated with the flow to permit an account of an entityto be adjusted based on network data usage associated with the flow(block 450). For example, NPU 235 can monitor information associatedwith the flow, and provide the information, to usage server 240, topermit an account of an entity to be adjusted based on network datausage associated with the flow.

In some implementations, NPU 235 can monitor the flow based on updatingvalues associated with particular fields of the flow table. For example,NPU 235 can update a byte count, a packet count, or the like. In someimplementations, NPU 235 can provide, to usage server 240, theinformation associated with the flow. For example, NPU 235 can generatea flow record, and provide the flow record to usage server 240. In someimplementations, a flow record can include information associated withthe flow table.

In some implementations, NPU 235 can provide a flow record to usageserver 240 based on an interval (e.g., every five minutes, every tenminutes, every day, etc.). For example, NPU 235 can generate a flowrecord based on the interval, and provide the flow record to usageserver 240. Additionally, or alternatively, NPU 235 can generate a flowrecord based on a status of the TLS connection. For example, NPU 235 canprovide a flow record based on an expiration and/or termination of theTLS connection between user device 205 and content provider server 265.In this way, an account of an entity (e.g., the content provider) can beadjusted based on network data usage associated with the flow.

In this way, implementations described herein enable user device 205 andcontent provider server 265 to establish a TLS connection and tunnelnetwork traffic through proxy server 245. Additionally, implementationsdescribed herein enable NPU 235 to identify network data usage that isto be charged to a particular account of an entity based on a flowbetween user device 205 and content provider server 265. Implementationsdescribed herein enable network data usage associated with a toll-freedata service to be authorized based on signaling associated withestablishing a TLS connection, and network data usage to be monitored inassociation with the TLS connection. In this way, NPU 235 and/orauthorization server 230 can authorize a reduced number of requests(e.g., an HTTP CONNECT request and/or an authorization request) ratherthan authorizing multiple requests (e.g., multiple HTTP requests, or thelike) for toll-free content. In this way, implementations describedherein conserve user device 205 and network device processor and/ormemory resources, and/or conserve network resources.

Although FIG. 4 shows example blocks of process 400, in someimplementations, process 400 can include additional blocks, fewerblocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than thosedepicted in FIG. 4. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of theblocks of process 400 can be performed in parallel.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a call flow of example operations capable ofbeing performed by one or more devices of FIG. 2. For example, FIG. 5 isa call flow diagram of an example call flow 500 for enabling HTTPCONNECT in association with a toll-free data service. As shown in FIG.5, and by reference number 505, user device 205 can provide anauthorization request to authorization server 230. As shown by referencenumber 510, authorization server 230 can validate the authorizationrequest based on campaign information. As shown by reference number 515,authorization server 230 can provide, to user device 205, anauthorization response based on validating the request. For example, theauthorization response can include information that identifies proxyserver 245 and/or authorization information. As shown by referencenumber 520, user device 205 can initiate a TCP connection with proxyserver 245 based on the authorization response. For example, as shown byreference number 525, user device 205 can provide, to proxy server 245,a TCP SYN message. As shown by reference number 530, proxy server 245can provide, to user device 205, a TCP SYN ACK message. As shown byreference number 535, user device 205 can provide, to proxy server 245,a TCP ACK message.

As shown by reference number 540, user device 205 can provide, to proxyserver 245, an HTTP CONNECT request based on establishing the TCPconnection with proxy server 245. NPU 235 can receive the HTTP CONNECTrequest, and, as shown by reference number 545, validate the HTTPCONNECT request. Additionally, NPU 235 can provide, to proxy server 245,the HTTP CONNECT request based on validating the HTTP CONNECT request.

As shown by reference number 550, proxy server 245 can provide, tocontent provider server 265, a TCP SYN message. For example, proxyserver 245 can receive the HTTP CONNECT request, and provide the TCP SYNmessage to establish a TCP connection with content provider server 265.As shown by reference number 555, content provider server 265 canprovide, to proxy server 245, a TCP SYN ACK message. As shown byreference number 560, proxy server 245 can provide, to content providerserver 265, a TCP ACK message.

As shown by reference number 565, proxy server 245 can provide, to userdevice 205, an HTTP 200 OK message. For example, proxy server 245 canprovide the HTTP 200 OK message based on establishing the TCP connectionwith content provider server 265.

In some implementations, user device 205 and content provider server 265can establish a TLS connection (e.g., shown as a tunnel). As shown byreference number 570, NPU 235 can monitor flow information. For example,NPU 235 can identify network traffic associated with the TLS connection,and update information associated with a flow table. As shown byreference number 575, NPU 235 can provide, to another device, flowrecords. For example, NPU 235 can provide, to another device,information associated with a flow between user device 205 and contentprovider server 265 (e.g., network data usage). In this way, aparticular entity can be charged for network data usage associated withthe flow.

As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples are possible and can differ from what was described with regardto FIG. 5. While a particular series of operations and/or data flowshave been described above with regard to FIG. 5, the order of theoperations and/or data flows can be modified in other implementations.Further, non-dependent operations can be performed in parallel.

Implementations described herein enable HTTP CONNECT to be used inassociation with a toll-free data service. For example, implementationsdescribed herein enable a user device to establish a TLS connection witha content provider server, and a network device to monitor informationassociated with the TLS connection (e.g., flow information). In thisway, the network device can store information that enables an account ofan entity to be adjusted based on network data usage associated with theTLS connection. Implementations described herein reduce a number ofauthorization requests associated with a toll-free data service. Forexample, implementations described herein enable network devices toauthorize a user device based on signaling messages associated withestablishing a TLS connection, and monitor flow information associatedwith the TLS connection rather than authorizing multiple contentrequests (e.g., respective HTTP requests using particular URLs). In thisway, implementations described herein conserve network device and/oruser device memory and/or processor resources, and/or conserve networkresources.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the implementations to theprecise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible inlight of the above disclosure or can be acquired from practice of theimplementations.

As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software.

Certain user interfaces have been described herein and/or shown in thefigures. A user interface can include a graphical user interface, anon-graphical user interface, a text-based user interface, etc. A userinterface can provide information for display. In some implementations,a user can interact with the information, such as by providing input viaan input component of a device that provides the user interface fordisplay. In some implementations, a user interface can be configurableby a device and/or a user (e.g., a user can change the size of the userinterface, information provided via the user interface, a position ofinformation provided via the user interface, etc.). Additionally, oralternatively, a user interface can be pre-configured to a standardconfiguration, a specific configuration based on a type of device onwhich the user interface is displayed, and/or a set of configurationsbased on capabilities and/or specifications associated with a device onwhich the user interface is displayed.

To the extent the aforementioned embodiments collect, store, or employpersonal information provided by individuals, it should be understoodthat such information shall be used in accordance with all applicablelaws concerning protection of personal information. Additionally, thecollection, storage, and use of such information can be subject toconsent of the individual to such activity, for example, through wellknown “opt-in” or “opt-out” processes as can be appropriate for thesituation and type of information. Storage and use of personalinformation can be in an appropriately secure manner reflective of thetype of information, for example, through various encryption andanonymization techniques for particularly sensitive information.

It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, described herein, canbe implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software. The actual specialized controlhardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methodsis not limiting of the implementations. Thus, the operation and behaviorof the systems and/or methods were described herein without reference tospecific software code—it being understood that software and hardwarecan be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based on thedescription herein.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of possible implementations. In fact,many of these features can be combined in ways not specifically recitedin the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although eachdependent claim listed below can directly depend on only one claim, thedisclosure of possible implementations includes each dependent claim incombination with every other claim in the claim set.

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems, and can be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore,as used herein, the term “set” is intended to include one or more items(e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination of related andunrelated items, etc.), and can be used interchangeably with “one ormore.” Where only one item is intended, the term “one” or similarlanguage is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,”“having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, thephrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on”unless explicitly stated otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. A device, comprising: one or more memories; andone or more processors, communicatively coupled to the one or morememories, to: receive, from a user device, a hypertext transfer protocol(HTTP) CONNECT request associated with a toll-free data service, thetoll-free data service being associated with a campaign of a contentprovider, the user device to establish a first transmission controlprotocol (TCP) connection with a proxy server, and the HTTP CONNECTrequest to request the proxy server to establish a second TCP connectionwith a content provider server; receive, from the user device and via aport of the device, a TCP signaling message, the user device to providethe TCP signaling message to establish the first TCP connection;identify, based on the HTTP CONNECT request, information that identifiesa resource identifier, the resource identifier including anauthorization URL associated with the content provider server;determine, based on the information that identifies the resourceidentifier and the port of the device, that an authorization conditionis satisfied; store information associated with a flow between the userdevice and the content provider server based on the authorizationcondition being satisfied, the information associated with the flowbeing stored in a flow table, the user device and the content providerserver to establish a transport layer security (TLS) connection based onthe first TCP connection and the second TCP connection, and the flowbeing associated with network traffic that includes one or more sharedvalues, the one or more shared values being associated with informationto identify the content provider server; monitor the flow between theuser device and the content provider server based on updating the one ormore shared values associated with particular fields of the flow table;provide, to another device, a flow record that identifies a number ofbytes associated the flow; and provide, based on the flow record, theinformation associated with the flow to permit an account of an entityto be charged in association with the toll-free data service.
 2. Thedevice of claim 1, where the one or more processors are further to:identify, based on the HTTP CONNECT request, a set of campaign rulesassociated with the toll-free data service; and where the one or moreprocessors, when determining that the authorization condition issatisfied, are to: determine that the authorization condition issatisfied based on the set of campaign rules.
 3. The device of claim 1,where the one or more processors are further to: determine a user deviceidentifier, of the user device, based on the HTTP CONNECT request; andwhere the one or more processors, when determining that theauthorization condition is satisfied, are to: determine that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on the user deviceidentifier.
 4. The device of claim 1, where the one or more processorsare further to: receive network traffic associated with the TLSconnection; identify information that identifies the user device and thecontent provider server based on the network traffic; and where the oneor more processors, when storing the information associated with theflow, are to: store the information associated with the flow based onthe information that identifies the user device and the content providerserver.
 5. The device of claim 1, where the one or more processors arefurther to: identify authorization information associated with the HTTPCONNECT request; and where the one or more processors, when determiningthat the authorization condition is satisfied, are to: determine thatthe authorization condition is satisfied based on the authorizationinformation, the user device to receive the authorization informationfrom an authorization server, and the user device to provide theauthorization information in association with the HTTP CONNECT request.6. The device of claim 1, where the one or more shared values includes:shared five-tuple information including: a source address, a sourceport, a destination address, a destination port identifier, and aprotocol.
 7. The device of claim 1, where the flow record furtheridentifies network data usage associated with the flow.
 8. Anon-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions, theinstructions comprising: one or more instructions that, when executed byone or more processors of a device, cause the one or more processors to:receive, from a user device, a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)CONNECT request associated with a toll-free data service, the toll-freedata service being associated with a campaign of a content provider, theuser device to establish a first connection with a proxy server, and theHTTP CONNECT request to request the proxy server to establish a secondconnection with a content provider server; receive, from the user deviceand via a port of the device, a TCP signaling message, the user deviceto provide the TCP signaling message to establish the first connection;identify, based on the HTTP CONNECT request, information that identifiesa resource identifier, the resource identifier including anauthorization URL associated with the content provider server;determine, based on the information that identifies the resourceidentifier and the port of the device, that an authorization conditionis satisfied; store information associated with a flow between the userdevice and the content provider server based on the authorizationcondition being satisfied, the information associated with the flowbeing stored in a flow table, the user device and the content providerserver to establish a third connection based on the first connection andthe second connection, and the flow being associated with networktraffic that includes one or more shared values, the one or more sharedvalues being associated with information to identify the contentprovider server; monitor the flow between the user device and thecontent provider server based on updating the one or more shared valuesassociated with particular fields of the flow table; provide, to anotherdevice, a flow record that identifies a number of bytes associated theflow; and provide, based on the flow record, the information associatedwith the flow to permit an account of an entity to be charged inassociation with the toll-free data service.
 9. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 8, where the one or more instructions,when executed by the one or more processors, further cause the one ormore processors to: determine a user device identifier of the userdevice; and where the one or more instructions, that cause the one ormore processors to determine that the authorization condition issatisfied, cause the one or more processors to: determine that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on the user deviceidentifier.
 10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8,where the one or more instructions, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, further cause the one or more processors to: identify aparticular campaign, associated with the toll-free data service, basedon the HTTP CONNECT request; identify a set of campaign rules based onthe particular campaign; and where the one or more instructions, thatcause the one or more processors to determine that the authorizationcondition is satisfied, cause the one or more processors to: determinethat the authorization condition is satisfied based on the set ofcampaign rules.
 11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim8, where the one or more instructions, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, further cause the one or more processors to: identifyauthorization information that is associated with the HTTP CONNECTrequest; and where the one or more instructions, that cause the one ormore processors to determine that the authorization condition issatisfied, cause the one or more processors to: determine that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on the authorizationinformation.
 12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8,where the one or more instructions, when executed by the one or moreprocessors, further cause the one or more processors to: identify anexpiration of the third connection; and where the one or moreinstructions, that cause the one or more processors to provide theinformation associated with the flow, are to: provide the informationassociated with the flow based on the expiration of the thirdconnection.
 13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8,where the third connection is a transport layer security connection. 14.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 8, where the one ormore instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, furthercause the one or more processors to: identify a particular campaign,associated with the toll-free data service, based on the HTTP CONNECTrequest; and identify authorization information associated with the HTTPCONNECT request; and where the authorization information includes one ormore of: information that identifies that the particular campaignassociated with the toll-free data service is valid, or information thatidentifies that the user device is eligible to participate in theparticular campaign associated with the toll-free data service.
 15. Amethod, comprising: receiving, by a device and from a user device, ahypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) CONNECT request associated with atoll-free data service, the toll-free data service being associated witha campaign of a content provider, the user device to establish a firsttransmission control protocol (TCP) connection with a proxy server, andthe HTTP CONNECT request to request the proxy server to establish asecond TCP connection with a content provider server; receiving, by thedevice, from the user device, and via a port of the device, a TCPsignaling message, the user device to provide the TCP signaling messageto establish the first TCP connection; identifying, by the device andbased on the HTTP CONNECT request, information that identifies aresource identifier, the resource identifier including an authorizationURL associated with the content provider server; determining, by thedevice and based on the information that identifies the resourceidentifier and the port of the device, that an authorization conditionis satisfied; storing, by the device, information associated with a flowbetween the user device and the content provider server based on theauthorization condition being satisfied, the information associated withthe flow being stored in a flow table, the user device and the contentprovider server to exchange traffic based on a transport layer securityconnection associated with the first TCP connection and the second TCPconnection, and the flow being associated with network traffic thatincludes one or more shared values, the one or more shared values beingassociated with information to identify the content provider server;monitoring, by the device, the flow between the user device and thecontent provider server based on updating the one or more shared valuesassociated with particular fields of the flow table; providing, by thedevice and to another device, a flow record that identifies a number ofbytes associated the flow; and providing, by the device and based on theflow record, the information associated with the flow to permit anaccount of an entity to be charged in association with the toll-freedata service.
 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:identifying authorization information based on the HTTP CONNECT request,the user device to receive, from an authorization server, theauthorization information, and the user device to provide theauthorization information in association with the HTTP CONNECT request;and where determining that the authorization condition is satisfiedcomprises: determining that the authorization condition is satisfiedbased on the authorization information.
 17. The method of claim 15,further comprising: determining a user device identifier of the userdevice based on the HTTP CONNECT request; and where determining that theauthorization condition is satisfied comprises: determining that theauthorization condition is satisfied based on the user deviceidentifier.
 18. The method of claim 15, further comprising: receivinginformation that identifies the proxy server based on the HTTP CONNECTrequest; and where determining that the authorization condition issatisfied comprises: determining that the authorization condition issatisfied based on the information that identifies the proxy server. 19.The method of claim 15, where the one or more shared values includes:shared five-tuple information including: a source address, a sourceport, a destination address, a destination port identifier, and aprotocol.
 20. The method of claim 15, where the information associatedwith the flow includes one or more of: five-tuple information, a packet,or a byte.